Semiconductor yakoreshejwe mu kanwa igabanuka muri 2024

Ku wa gatatu, Joe Biden yatangaje amasezerano yo gutanga Intel afite imishinga y'amadorari 8.5 z'amadolari y'inkunga itaziguye na miliyari 11 z'amadolari mu nguzanyo munsi y'itegeko rya Chip na Science. Intel izakoresha amafaranga ya fabs muri Arizona, Ohio, New Mexico na Oregon. Nkuko twabimenyesheje mu kanyamakuru 20223 Ukuboza, chips igikorwa gitanga miliyari 52.7 z'amadolari y'inganda za Amerika. Mbere y'inkunga ya Intel, ibikorwa bya chips byari byatangaje ko hatangajwe miliyari 1.7 z'amadolari mu mpamyabumenyi y'ingabo, Ikoranabuhanga rya Microchip na Sisitemu ya Bae.

Amafaranga akoreshwa muri chips ibikorwa byimuwe buhoro, hamwe no kugenerwa kwambere ntabwo byatangajwe kugeza umwaka urenga nyuma yumunsi wacyo. Imishinga imwe nini ya Amerika yatinze kubera kwishyura buhoro. TSMC yavuze kandi ko bigoye kubona abakozi babishoboye babishoboye. Intel yavuze ko gutinda nabyo byatewe no kugurisha buhoro.

Ibindi bihugu nabyo byahaye amafaranga yo kuzamura umusaruro wa Semiconductor. Muri Nzeri 2023, Umuryango w'uburayi, washyizeho igikorwa cya Chip y'Uburayi, gitanga miliyari 43 z'amayero (miliyari 47 z'amadolari) y'ishoramari rya Leta n'abikorera mu nganda za semiconductor. Mu Gushyingo 2023, Ubuyapani bwageneye miliyari 2 miliyari 2 z'amadolari) ku nganda zo gukora Semiconductor. Tayiwani yashyizeho itegeko muri Mutarama 2024 gutanga ibiruhuko by'imisoro ku masosiyete ya semiconductor. Koreya y'Epfo yatoye umushinga w'itegeko muri Werurwe 2023 gutanga ikiruhuko cy'umusoro ku ikoranabuhanga rifatika, harimo na semicondu. Biteganijwe ko Ubushinwa bushyiraho amafaranga agenga miliyari 40 z'amadolari kugira ngo ashyigikire inganda za semiconductor.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kubona amafaranga yakoreshejwe (capex) mu nganda za semiconductor muri uyu mwaka? Itegeko rya chips rigamije gukangurira amafaranga menshi, ariko ibyinshi mu ngaruka ntizumva kugeza nyuma ya 2024. Isoko rya Semiconductor ryatengushye Gereranya semicUctor Capex yose muri 2023 kuri miliyari 169 z'amadolari, hasi 7% kuva 2022. Turateganya kugabanuka 2% mu mafaranga yakoreshejwe muri 2024.

Ikigereranyo cya Semiconductor yakoreshejwe ku bunini bw'isoko kiva hejuru ya 34% kugeza hasi ya 12%. Impuzandengo yimyaka itanu iri hagati ya 28% na 18%. Mu gihe cyose kuva 1980 kugera 2023, amafaranga akoreshwa mu mbonerahamwe yose ahagarariye 23% yisoko rya Semiconductor. Nubwo guhiga, inzira ndende ya getio yarahomye. Hashingiwe ku iterambere ry'amasoko riteganijwe kandi rigabanuka Capex, turateganya ko igipimo cyo kugwa kuva kuri 32% muri 2023 kugeza kuri 27% muri 2024.

Iteganyagihe rya Secokonductor Isoko rya 2024 ziri murwego rwa 13% kugeza kuri 20%. Ubutasi bwacu bwateganijwe ni 18%. Niba imikorere 2024 ikomeye nkuko byari byitezwe, isosiyete irashobora kongera gahunda yo gukoresha igishoro cyayo mugihe cyigihe. Twashoboraga kubona impinduka nziza muri semiconductor capex muri 2024.