Semiconductor amafaranga yakoreshejwe yagabanutse muri 2024

Ku wa gatatu, Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, Joe Biden, yatangaje amasezerano yo guha Intel inkunga ingana na miliyari 8.5 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu buryo butaziguye na miliyari 11 z'amadolari y'inguzanyo hakurikijwe itegeko rya Chip na Science.Intel izakoresha amafaranga muri fabs muri Arizona, Ohio, New Mexico na Oregon.Nkuko twabibabwiye mu kinyamakuru cyacu cyo mu Kuboza 2023, Itegeko rya CHIPS ritanga miliyari 52.7 z’amadolari y’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Amerika, harimo miliyari 39 z’amadolari yo gutera inkunga inganda.Mbere y’inkunga ya Intel, itegeko rya CHIPS ryari ryatangaje inkunga ingana na miliyari 1.7 z'amadolari y'Amerika ku nkunga ya GlobalFoundries, Ikoranabuhanga rya Microchip na BAE Sisitemu nk'uko Ishyirahamwe ry'inganda Semiconductor (SIA) ribitangaza.

Amafaranga yatanzwe mu itegeko rya CHIPS yimutse buhoro, hamwe na mbere yo gutanga amafaranga ntatangazwa kugeza igihe kirenze umwaka nyuma yacyo.Imishinga minini yo muri Amerika fab yaradindijwe kubera kwishyura buhoro.TSMC yavuze kandi ko bigoye kubona abakozi bubaka babishoboye.Intel yavuze ko gutinda nabyo byatewe no kugurisha ibicuruzwa.

Ibindi bihugu nabyo byageneye amafaranga yo kuzamura umusaruro wa semiconductor.Muri Nzeri 2023, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi wemeje itegeko ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi riteganya miliyari 43 z'amayero (miliyari 47 z'amadolari) y’ishoramari rya Leta n’abikorera ku giti cyabo mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.Mu Gushyingo 2023, Ubuyapani bwageneye tiriyari 2 z'amayeni (miliyari 13 z'amadolari) yo gukora igice cya kabiri.Tayiwani yashyizeho itegeko muri Mutarama 2024 ritanga imisoro ku masosiyete akora imashanyarazi.Muri Werurwe 2023, Koreya y'Epfo yemeje umushinga w'itegeko ryo gutanga imisoro ku ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku ngamba, harimo na semiconductor.Biteganijwe ko Ubushinwa buzashyiraho ikigega gishyigikiwe na miliyari 40 z'amadorali yo gutera inkunga inganda zayo ziciriritse.

Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa mu gushora imari (CapEx) mu nganda ziciriritse muri uyu mwaka?Itegeko rya CHIPS rigamije gushimangira ikoreshwa ry’imari, ariko ingaruka nyinshi ntizizagaragara kugeza nyuma ya 2024. Isoko rya semiconductor ryagabanutse ku gipimo cya 8.2 ku ijana umwaka ushize, kandi ibigo byinshi byitondera amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu 2024. Twebwe muri Semiconductor Intelligence. gereranya capex ya semiconductor yose muri 2023 kuri miliyari 169 z'amadolari, ukamanuka 7% kuva 2022. Turateganya ko igabanuka rya 2% ryakoreshejwe mu 2024.

Ikigereranyo cy’imikoreshereze y’imari iciriritse n’ubunini bw’isoko kiva hejuru ya 34% kugeza munsi ya 12%.Impuzandengo yimyaka itanu iri hagati ya 28% na 18%.Mugihe cyose kuva 1980 kugeza 2023, amafaranga yose yakoreshejwe asohora 23% yisoko rya semiconductor.Nubwo ihindagurika, icyerekezo kirekire cyikigereranyo cyagiye gihuza neza.Dushingiye ku kuzamuka gukomeye kw'isoko no kugabanuka kwa capex, turateganya ko igipimo kizagabanuka kiva kuri 32% muri 2023 kigera kuri 27% muri 2024.

Ibiteganijwe byinshi ku kuzamuka kw'isoko rya semiconductor muri 2024 biri hagati ya 13% na 20%.Icyerekezo cya semiconductor amakuru ni 18%.Niba imikorere ya 2024 ikomeye nkuko byari byitezwe, isosiyete irashobora kongera gahunda yo gukoresha imari mugihe runaka.Twashoboraga kubona impinduka nziza muri capex ya semiconductor muri 2024.